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Archery at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held at Panathinaiko Stadium (Kallimarmaro). The archery schedule began on 12 August and ended on 21 August.
There were four gold medals contested, with individual and team events for men and the same for women.
All archery at the Olympics was done from a range of 70 meters. The target's total diameter was 122 cm. An archer had 40 seconds to fire each arrow. 64 archers took part in the Olympics, with each National Olympic Committee being able to enter a maximum of three archers. Each archer fired six ends, or groups, of 12 arrows per end in the ranking round. The score from that round determined the match-ups in the elimination rounds, with high-ranking archers facing low-ranking archers. There were three rounds of elimination that used six ends of three arrows, narrowing the field of archers to 32, then to 16, then to 8. The three final rounds (quarterfinals, semifinals, and medal matches) each used four ends of three arrows.
13 men's and 15 women's teams took place in the team competition. The teams consisted of the country's three archers from the individual round, and the team's initial ranking was determined by summing the three members' scores in the individual ranking round. Each round of eliminations consisted of each team firing 27 arrows (9 by each archer).
There were four ways for National Olympic Committees (NOCs) to qualify individual archers for the Olympics in archery. No NOC was allowed to enter more than three archers. For each gender, the host nation (Greece) was guaranteed three spots. The 2003 World Target Competition's top 8 teams (besides the host nation) each received three spots, and the 19 highest ranked archers after the team qualifiers were removed also received spots. 15 of the remaining 18 spots were divided equally among the five Olympic continents for allocation in continental tournaments. The last three spots in each gender were determined by the Marco Galiazzo, Italy | Hiroshi Yamamoto, Japan | Tim Cuddihy, Australia |- |Women's individual: | Park Sung Hyun, Korea | Lee Sung Jin, Korea | Alison Williamson, Great Britain |- |Men's team:
| Korea|- |Women's team:
| Korea|}
| Position | Country: | Gold: | Silver: | Bronze: | 4th: | 5th: | 6th: | 7th: | 8th: | Total: |
| 1 | Korea | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| 2 | Italy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Chinese Taipei | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 4= | China, People's Republic of | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4= | Japan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Great Britain | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 7= | Australia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 7= | Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 9 | United States of America | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 10 | France | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | Greece | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 12 | Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 13 | Germany | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 14 | India | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Korea continued its domination of the sport, winning three of the four gold medals as well as a silver. Marco Galiazzo won the men's individual competition, earning Italy the nation's first gold medal in Olympic archery, blocking Hiroshi Yamamoto's attempt to win Japan's first gold medal. Chinese Taipei, which had never before won a medal in archery, won a silver and a bronze.
| Gold: | Silver: | Bronze: |
| Marco Galiazzo | Hiroshi Yamamoto | Tim Cuddihy |
The three medalists of the 2000 Summer Olympics, Simon Fairweather, Vic Wunderle, and Wietse van Alten, all competed in 2004. None placed higher than 14th (van Alten) in the ranking round and only Wunderle made it to the quarterfinals.
August 12 17:00 at Dekelia Air Force Base
The Korean archers, medal favorites in both men's and women's competition, ranked 1st (Im Dong-hyun), 4th (Park Kyung-mo), and 5th (Jang Yong-ho) in the men's individual ranking round. Im's score of 687 set a new world record for 72 arrows, breaking the previous one set in 1995 by fellow Korean Shim Young-sung. The bracket setup (with 4th- and 5th-ranked archers facing off in the quarterfinals if undefeated and the winner of that match facing the 1st-ranked archer in the semifinals) meant that the Korean men could do no better than gold and bronze. Marco Galiazzo of Italy in 2nd and Magnus Petersson of Sweden in 3rd rounded out the top five, with Dmytro Hrachov in 6th with the same score as 5th-ranked Jang of Korea.
The first round of elimination narrowed the field from 64 archers to 32 in a standard single-elimination bracket. The loser of each match received a final rank between 33 and 64, depending on his score in the round. Each archer fired six ends of three arrows, for a total possible score of 180. Oleksandr Serdyuk of Ukraine had the highest score in the round, with 164.
The first upset of the day belonged to 43rd-ranked Vic Wunderle of the United States, who defeated 22nd-ranked Majhi Sawaiyan of India. The United States were on the losing end of an even larger upset, though, when Butch Johnson lost to Ron van der Hoff of the Netherlands. The biggest upset occured when 52nd-ranked Tashi Peljor of Bhutan defeated 13th-ranked Jocelyn de Grandis of France to become the lowest ranked archer to advance.
As in the round of 64, archers fired six ends of three arrows in the second round of elimination. This round narrowed the field from 32 to 16 archers, with winners advancing and losers receiving a final rank between 17 and 32 depending on their score in the round. Im Dong-hyun of Korea scored the highest in the round, missing the Olympic record by 1 point with a score of 171. 48th-ranked Satyadev Prasad of India was the lowest ranked archer to advance.
Vic Wunderle of the United States continued to have success in head-to-head competition, eliminating 11th-ranked Wang Cheng-pang of Chinese Taipei. In an astonishing match, 31st-ranked Laurence Godfrey, Great Britain eked out a victory over 2nd-ranked Magnus Petersson of Sweden. Two other of top ten ranked archers fell when 27th-ranked Xue Haifeng of China defeated 6th-ranked Dmytro Hrachov of Ukraine and 25th-ranked Hasse Pavia Lind lost to Oleksandr Serdyuk.
One of the Korean archers, Park Kyung-mo, nearly fell to the Kazakhstani Stanislav Zabrodskiy when Zabrodskiy tied Park through the first 18 arrows and scored a 10 on the first tie-break. Park also scored a 10, and followed it up with a second 10 which Zabrodskiy could not match. A tie-break was also needed in the match between Viktor Ruban of Ukraine and Wang Cheng-pang of Chinese Taipei, which Ruban won 9-8.
The first round of 12-arrow matches was the quarterfinals. Winners advanced to the semifinals while losers received a final rank between 5 and 8 depending on score in the quarterfinals. The high score of the round was notched by Tim Cuddihy, with 112.
In a see-saw battle, Marco Galiazzo took a lead over Vic Wunderle in the third end. In a tense final end, Wunderle closed the gap. Galiazzo, needing an 8 to tie on the last arrow, shot a 9 to advance and end Wunderle's run. In a surprise, both of the remaining Korean archers fell to Hiroshi Yamamoto and Tim Cuddihy in 1-point matchs eliminating them from medal contention. Laurence Godfrey had the most decisive victory of the round, a still-close 2-point victory of Chen Szu Yuan.
Yamamoto and Cuddihy both tied the Olympic record for a 12-arrow match (set by Oh Kyo-moon in 1996) by tying their semifinal match at 115. In the tie-breaker, Yamamoto shot first and hit a 10. Cuddihy was unable to match this, shooting a 9 to drop out of gold medal contention.
The gold medal match pitted a first-time-Olympian Italian against a veteran Japanese archer, with the favored Koreans being conspicuously absent. The match consisted of 12 arrows, with the winner taking gold and the loser receiving a silver medal.
With a pair of 10s in the first end, Hiroshi Yamamoto took a quick lead of 1 point over Marco Galiazzo. In the second end, Galiazzo missed perfection by only 1 point, scoring 29 to Yamamoto's 27 to reverse the lead. He hit another pair of 10s in the third end, increasing his lead to 2 points going into the final end. Galiazzo maintained the lead through the final three arrows, winning Italy's first Olympic gold medal in archery. Yamamoto's silver was his second Olympic medal, joining the bronze medal that he won in 1984.
| Gold: | Silver: | Bronze: |
| Park Sung Hyun | Lee Sung Jin | Alison Williamson |
The heavily favored Korean women, who had taken the top three spots in the ranking round, won gold and silver medals as well as setting a new world record for a 72-arrow round. Park Sung Hyun and Lee Sung Jin defeated every opponent they faced until their final match against each other, which Park won for the gold medal. Alison Williamson of Great Britain, who was ranked only 21st after the ranking round, was able to win a number of upsets to make it to the semi-finals. After losing that match, she pulled off one more upset to finish with a bronze medal.
August 12 09:00 at Dekelia Air Force Base
In the 72 arrow ranking round, the Korean women dominated the field, taking the top three spots and setting a world record with Park Sung Hyun's score of 682. The Chinese women also did well, placing 4th, 5th, and 11th. Yuan Shu Chi and Wu Hui Ju of Chinese Taipei finished 6th and 10th.
| Final Rank | Ranking Round Rank | Name | Nation | Ranking Round Score | 1/32 | 1/16 | 1/8 | Quarter- Finals | Semi- Finals | Finals |
| 1 | 1 | Park Sung Hyun | Korea | 682 (WR) | 154 | 165 | 171 | 111 | 110 | 110 |
| 2 | 2 | Lee Sung Jin | Korea | 675 | 164 | 166 | 165 | 104 | 104 | 108 |
| 3 | 21 | Alison Williamson | Great Britain | 637 | 147 | 154 | 165 | 109 | 100 | 105 |
| 4 | 6 | Yuan Shu Chi | Chinese Taipei | 658 | 162 | 158 | 166 | 107 | 98 | 104 |
| 5 | 3 | Yun Mi Jin | Korea | 673 | 162 | 173 (=OR) | 168 | 105 | ||
| 6 | 10 | Wu Hui Ju | Chinese Taipei | 649 | 156 | 156 | 160 | 103 | ||
| 7 | 8 | Evangelia Psarra | Greece | 652 | 138 | 163 | 160 | 101 | ||
| 8 | 4 | He Ying | China | 667 | 141 | 158 | 156 | 89 | ||
| 9 | 19 | Jennifer Nichols | United States | 638 | 160 | 163 | 162 | |||
| 10 | 5 | Zhang Juanjuan | China | 663 | 135 | 166 | 161 | |||
| 11 | 17 | Naomi Folkard | Great Britain | 638 | 139 | 156 | 159 | |||
| 12 | 15 | Margarita Galinovskaya | Russia | 639 | 153 | 158 | 154 | |||
| 13 | 24 | Almudena Gallardo | Spain | 631 | 148 | 152 | 152 | |||
| 14 | 7 | Justyna Mospinek | Poland | 657 | 162 | 163 | 151 | |||
| 15 | 43 | Reena Kumari | India | 620 | 153 | 134 | 148 | |||
| 16 | 52 | Kirstin Jean Lewis | South Africa | 606 | 141 | 157 | 142 | |||
| 17 | 25 | Zekiye Keskin Satir | Turkey | 631 | 135 | 161 | ||||
| 18 | 14 | Tetyana Berezhna | Ukraine | 640 | 160 | 160 | ||||
| 19 | 29 | Melissa Jennison | Australia | 628 | 132 | 158 | ||||
| 20 | 28 | Iwona Marcinkiewicz | Poland | 628 | 119 | 157 | ||||
| 21 | 23 | Anja Hitzler | Germany | 632 | 163 | 156 | ||||
| 22 | 18 | Cornelia Pfohl | Germany | 638 | 146 | 156 | ||||
| 23 | 26 | Viktoriya Beloslydtseva | Kazakhstan | 629 | 150 | 155 | ||||
| 24 | 20 | Sumangala Sharma | India | 638 | 142 | 153 | ||||
| 25 | 49 | Mari Piuva | Finland | 615 | 136 | 151 | ||||
| 26 | 53 | Sayoko Kawauchi | Japan | 601 | 137 | 150 | ||||
| 27 | 56 | Jasmin Figueroa | Philippines | 600 | 132 | 150 | ||||
| 28 | 35 | Sayami Matsushita | Japan | 624 | 165 | 149 | ||||
| 29 | 27 | Malgorzata Sobieraj | Poland | 628 | 151 | 149 | ||||
| 30 | 33 | Natalia Bolotova | Russia | 625 | 143 | 148 | ||||
| 31 | 34 | Elpida Romantzi | Greece | 624 | 151 | 146 | ||||
| 32 | 54 | Tshering Chhoden | Bhutan | 600 | 159 | 134 | ||||
| 33 | 59 | Kateryna Palekha | Ukraine | 595 | 158 | |||||
| 34 | 30 | Alexandra Fouace | France | 627 | 157 | |||||
| 35 | 51 | Fotini Vavatsi | Greece | 609 | 156 |