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An alter ego (from Latin, "other I") is another self—a second personality or persona within a person. The term is commonly used in literature analysis and comparison to describe characters who are psychologically identical.
For example, in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Mr. Hyde was Dr. Jekyll's evil alter ego (same person, different personalities).
The term and concept are also frequently used in popular fiction, like comic books, for the secret identity of a superhero. Superman's alter ego is Clark Kent, Batman's is Bruce Wayne and Spiderman's is Peter Parker.