27 July
July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining.
Events
- 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England.
- 1663 - The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.
- 1689 - Glorious Revolution: Battle of Killiecrankie ends
- 1694 - A Royal Charter is granted to the Bank of England.
- 1778 - American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant - British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
- 1789 - The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (later renamed Department of State).
- 1794 - French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution."
- 1865 - Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley.
- 1866 - The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed, allowing transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.
- 1921 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin.
- 1940 - Bugs Bunny makes his official debut in the animated cartoon A Wild Hare.
- 1943 - World War II: USSR leader Joseph Stalin issues Order No. 227 in response to alarming German advances into Russia. Under the order all those who retreat or otherwise leave their positions without orders to do so will be immediately killed.
- 1949 - Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
- 1953 - Korean War ends: The United States, People's Republic of China, North Korea, and South Korea sign an armistice agreement.
- 1955 - The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II, ends (started on May 9, 1945).
- 1964 - Vietnam War: 5,000 more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
- 1968 - Pink Floyd releases the album A Saucerful of Secrets in the USA.
- 1974 - Watergate Scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment against President Richard Nixon: obstruction of justice.
- 1995 - In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated.
- 1996 - Centennial Olympic Park bombing: In Atlanta, Georgia, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics, killing one and injuring 111.
- 2002 - Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 85 and injuring more than 100 others, the largest air show disaster in history.
Births
- 1768 - Charlotte Corday, French aristocrat who killed Jean-Paul Marat (d. 1793
- 1824 - Alexandre Dumas fils, author (d. 1895)
- 1833 - Thomas George Bonney, geologist (d. 1923)
- 1857 - Augusta Stowe-Gullen, first woman to take a medical degree in Canada, feminist
- 1857 - José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican political leader (d. 1921)
- 1870 - Hilaire Belloc, writer (d. 1953)
- 1877 - Ernst von Dohnanyi, composer.
- 1882 - Geoffrey de Havilland, British aircraft designer (d. 1965)
- 1886 - Ernst May, architect (d. 1970)
- 1901 - Rudy Vallee, singer (d. 1986)
- 1903 - Nikolai Cherkasov, actor (d. 1966)
- 1904 - Isaac Bashevis Singer, writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature 1978 (d. 1991)
- 1905 - Leo Durocher, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame (d. 1991)
- 1912 - Hilde Domin, writer
- 1915 - Mario Del Monaco, tenor (d. 1982)
- 1916 - Elizabeth Hardwick, novelist
- 1916 - Keenan Wynn, actor (d. 1986)
- 1917 - Bourvil (André Raimbourg), actor (d. 1970)
- 1922 - Norman Lear, television producer
- 1931 - Jerry Van Dyke, actor
- 1940 - Pina Bausch, dancer
- 1948 - Peggy Fleming, Olympic gold medalist in figure skating
- 1967 - Juliana Hatfield, musician
- 1967 - Kellie Waymire, actress (Star Trek: Enterprise) (d. 2003)
- 1975 - Shea Hillenbrand, baseball player
- 1975 - Alex Rodriguez, baseball star
- 1977 - Jonathan Rhys-Meyers, actor
Deaths
- 1061 - Pope Nicholas II (or July 19)
- 1276 - James I of Aragon
- 1841 - Mikhail Lermontov, author
- 1844 - John Dalton, English chemist
- 1863 - William Lowndes Yancey, Southern secession leader
- 1917 - Emil Theodor Kocher, surgeon and biologist (b. 1841)
- 1924 - Ferruccio Busoni, pianist and composer
- 1946 - Gertrude Stein, writer and cult figure
- 1958 - Claire Chennault, World War II aviator
- 1980 - Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran
- 1981 - Ryann Lea Forester, president of UAH PRCA
- 1981 - William Wyler, film director
- 1984 - James Mason, actor
- 2001 - Leon Wilkeson, bass (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
- 2003 - Bob Hope, entertainer
Holidays and observances
July 26 - July 28 - June 27 - August 27 -- listing of all days
