1871 in Canada

March 10 - Government of Manitoba meets for the first time
March 21 - Ontario election: Edward Blake's Liberals win a majority, defeating J. S. Macdonald's Liberal-Conservatives
April 2 - The first Canadian census finds the population to be 3,689,257
May 8 - The Treaty of Washington reaches agreements on fishing rights and Great Lakes trade between Canada and the United States
May 17 - New Brunswick abandons separate schools
July - Phoebe Campbell murders her husband with an axe. She is hanged the next year.
July 20 - British Columbia joins the Confederation.
July 25 - Treaty Number 1 the first of a number of treaties with western Canada's First Nations is signed
August 17 - Treaty Number 2 is signed
November 11 - The last of the British army leaves Canada
November 13 - John McCreight becomes the first premier of British Columbia
December 14 - Marc-Amable Girard becomes premier of Manitoba, replacing Alfred Boyd
December 20 - Edward Blake becomes premier of Ontario, replacing J. S. Macdonald
National Meteorological Service is formed
Parliament legalizes the use of the metric system
Goldwin Smith immigrates to Canada


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